Camera.



F. GREENE.

CAMERA. APPLICATION FILED FEB 4| 1915. 1,251,654. Y Patented Ja11.1,1918.

v 3 SHEETS-'SHEET 3| FRANK GREENE, 0F CHICAGO, V'Ilafllill'l'OI Gamma.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented J an. 1, 1918.

Application ledrFebi/nary 4 1916.` Serial No. 76,076.

against abortive and doubleexposure-and tor da away/ .ithrthe' necessity of mental or manual effort in connection with the adjustment of the shutter and sensitive film preparatory to the .taking of a picture.

I accomplish these objectsby so arranging Y thacamera `mechanism that in the act of opening or closing the camera and lowering the bed and expanding the bellows, the shutter will be set and in reversing such movements the film will be advanced to bring a fresh sensitized surface before the lens in case an exposure has been made by the operation of the shutter and if an exposure has not been made the film will not be advanced; the term opening of the camera being used in a generic sense as applied to the changing of the camera from an inoperative to an operative condition or vice versa.

In order that the invention may be readily understood a preferred embodiment of the same is set forth in the accompanying drawings and in the description based thereon, in which embodiment the film is advanced by the closing of the drop bed while the shutter. is set by the opening of the same. Obviously, as intimated above, the actuating connections may be modiied within wide range without aifectin the principle ofthe invention as embodied therein, wherefore it is to be understood that the drawing and description'are to be taken in an illustrative and not in an unnecessarily limiting sense, In the drawings Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section through the camera at one side of the bellows; l Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section through the camera box at the rear of the film roll, a portion of the latter being broken away;

Figs. 3 and 4 are fragmentary views showing the driving mechanism connecting the drop bed of the camera and film spool;

Fig. 5 4is a fragmentary sectional view through said gearing on the line 5-5 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 isa detail view showing the means for actuating the mechanism upon the movement of the bed;

Fig. 7 is a sectional view showing in side elevation the connection between the film` spool and its driving pinion;

Fig. 8 is a view Ishowin in side elevation the detent mechanism or the trip and shutter release; v

Fig-9 is a view-similartoFig7 showing. the trip engaging and shutter setting mechanism;'and

Figs. 10 and 11 are views showing the shutter setting and release mechanism in edge elevation in their relation Vto the trip mechanism in different positions of use,

The camera box is indicated at 11 as provided with a door or drop bed 12 hinged at 13 and bearing a track 14 for the lens board 15 l'supporting the lens 16 at the front end of the bellows 17 the inner end of which latter is secured within the camera in operative relation to the film 18 extending between the ilm supply and take-up spools 19 and 20. Thus far the camera is of the usual type. At one side of the film `the partition 21 separates the film chamber of the camera leaving a narrow space 22. The axle 23 of the ilm take-up spool 20 is journaled within the partition 21, and extends therethrough and may be provided within the recess 24 with a linger piece 25 for manual Winding although according to my invention vthis finger piece is unnecessary and may be dispensed with.

Also journaled within the partition 21 and the side wall`11 of the camera box is a shaft 26 having fixed upon its inner end a pinion 27 arranged to mesh with` an yinteriorly toothed sector 28. Also fixed upon the shaft 26 and rotating with'the pinion 27 is the outer member 29 of a clutch, the inner member 30 of the clutch being loosely mounted upon the shaft 26 by means of its hub 31. Upon the rotation of the outer member 29 in one direction the clutch balls 32 ,under the impulse of their springs 33 are caused to eiect a wedging engagement between the clutch members and lock the same, while in the` reverse direction of movement of the pinion 27 and the clutch member 29 the inner member 30 will remain stationary. This' form of from the edge wall clutch is shown l \"dero1r'con itions the sector shall retion indicated in Fig.

the lip 49 the segment by way -of illustration, it being obvious that a rat'c et and pawl or other one-way driving coupling may be employed.

means of the sprocket chain sprocket 36 on the shaft 23 of the take-up Spool whereby the take-up spool will be driven upon the rotation of the pinion 27 in `one direction and will remain stationary when the said pinion is rotated in the reverse ldirection.

The sector 28 previously referredl to as arranged to mesh with the pinion 27 has its center in the hinge'y 13 of the drop bed `and upon being swung about said center-as the drop bed is opened and closed furnishes driving power to the said pinion. For the. purposes of the invention, it is desired that under certain conditions the sector shall mesh with and drive the pinion 27 and that main out of engagement with the said pinion in order that the pinion shall normally be rotated in one direction only and thatv the same shall be rotated to drive the take-up spool only after an exposure has been made.'`

To this end the sector 28 is fixed upon a rock shaft 37 journaled at 38 on the bed of the camera adjacent its inner end, the outer end of said shaft being journaled at 39 in the wall of the housing 40 for the shut- 4ter setting and releasing mechanism. This 35 teeth of the pinion 27 by means of a spring 42 and is adapted to be rocked against the v influence of said spring by a trip 43 xed upon the outer end of said shaft Awithin the housing 40 in the manner following:

Upon the front wall of lthe camera box adjacent the opening within which ts the drop bed 12 when the camera is closed', and at a distance from the hinge 13 corresponding to the distance between said hingey and the trip 43, is fixed a plate 44 carrying upstanding ears 45 withinwhich is journaled the shaft 46 of a trip actuating segment 47 which is yieldingly held under the inof the lip 49 is opened and closed. In theI closing movement the lip 49 engages the lower side of the segment 47 and swings it in opposition 47 resumes the posi- 6. When the bed is dropped in the opening of the ca mera lthe sion ofthe spring 42 and swinging the sector`28 to a position inclined tothe vertical with teeth out' of the vertical plane of f The trip 43 has upon the opposite side, of the shaft 37 from the lip 49 two other lips 50 and 51 which respectively serve asv the rock shaft is operated to set the shutter and to retain the trip position against the influence of the spring 42 in the manner followin Within the housing 40 (gFig. 9) upon the shaft 52 is mounted a shutter setting'lever 53. The extreme end 53l fis adapted to receive the impulse communicated in the usual manner by pneumatic or other suitable means from thehand of the operator as indicated at 53h. "Suspended from the lever 53 bymeans of parallel links 54 is a' bar 55 w 1 I 1s yiel 1ng`yv pressed to the right as shown in said Fig. 9 by means of t e ri 56. This bar has its end beveled at 57 and'so disposed as to be operatively engaged by the lip 50 of the trip 43.

Within the liosing sltLisgilsgo mounted upon the shaft 52 alongside the slftet\ ting lever 53 a shutter releasing lever 58 (Fig. 8) `the end 59 of which is arranged to be acted upon by the pneumatic or other releasing mechanism indicated at 60. The lever 58 has depending jportions 61 forming a yoke within which is'hingedly suspended at 62 a detent 63 which is normally and shaft in the rocked pos1t1on shown by means of springs 68 and'.

69 with their free ends in operative relation to the pneumatic operating means 60.

As the shaft 37 is rocked upon the dropping of the camera bed the trip 43 by means of the descending lip 50 engages the flat upper surface of the;end of the bar 55 and thereby moves the lever 53 in opposition to its spring 68- setting the shutter independently of the pneumatic device 60. The tilting of the lever 53 permits the'l'ip 50 to clear the beveled lip 51 engages the beveled surface 67 of the detent 66 and pushes the same to the rear '(Fig. 11) in opposition to the spring 65,'

the lip 51 snapping beneath the projectingv end 66 of the detent and holding the trip with its lip50 in the position just described,

ipnee' l 8 beneath the beveled surface 57 of the bar a winding means will be actuated automati- 55, The shutter' of the camera is now set cally bethe door movement of the camera ready for an exposure and an unexposed only a r' the making of an exposure.

rtion ofthe sensitive film 1s presented tol 2. In a camera, the combination with the B the lens at the rear of the bellows. film spool, the lens, and the shutter, of lm 70 If, now, the operator decldes for any reawmdin mechanism including a normally son not to make an exposure the lifting of uncoup ed train, and a connection betweenthe bed and the closing of the camera will the film winding mechanism and the shutter not affect the film for the reason that the whereby the movements of the shutter in sector 28 will not engage with the pinion/ the act of makin van exposure will couple '15 27, bein held out of the plane thereof by the train and ren er the said winding mechmeans o fthe detent 66 engaging the lip 51 anlsm operative.

of the trip, and the closing of the camera 3. In a camera, the combination with the will leave the parts in undisturbed relation film Sp091, the lenS, and the shutter, of means ready for use upon a future occasion. automatlcally actuated by the opening and 80 If, on the other hand, an exposure be the closing of the camera t'o set the shutter made by the rocking of the release lever for an exposure, spool winding mechanism 58 under the influence of the pneumatic rearranged t0 be actuated by the movements lease 60 the detent 66 will clear the lip -51 0f the Camera parts incident to use of the zo and permit the lips 51 and 5()` of the trip camera and lncluding normally uncoupled a5 43 te rise under the influence 0f the Spring elements, and means actuated by the shutter 42. The lip 50 will now act upon .the bev 1n maklng the exposure to couple said eleeledsurface 57 of the bar 55 and swing the lments whereby to vitalize the winding mech same to the left against the influence 0 the amsm to present a fresh sensitized surface spring 56 without affecting thepposition of to the lens. l 90 the setting lever 58. The tilting of thel 4. In a camera, the combination with the trip 43 'will permit the Shaft, 37 t0 rock lm Sp00l, tl18 lens, and the Shutter, 0f 9. bringing the sector 28 into the plane of the Shaft, a drive connection between the Sha pinion 27. Thereafter upon the lifting of and spool, a imon on the shaft, a toothed 30 the bed and the closing of the camera the SeCtOI, a IOC Shaft Carrying the sector 95 pinion 27 will be driven by the sector 28 mounted t0 OSClllate about itSKCeIlteI' in the and its motion will be transmitted through Opelllllg and C10S1I1g of the camera to bring the clutch, `the chain and sprocket to the the same into and out of mesh with the pi n take-u spool 20, the number of teeth in the lon, a trip arm carried by he shaft, means sector aving such relation to those of the t0 I'OCk the Shaft Out 0f mesh with the pin- 100 inion 27 that, the movement, 0f the bed ion, a detent in luded in the shutter mechathrough its angle of 90 degrees will be ex- IlSm and engegllg the Shaft t0 hold. it 1n actly suliicient to take up the exposed portherocked position, said detcnt arranged to tion of the film and bring into proper posirelease the shaft as the exposure is made, tion a fresh surface for the next exposure. and means to restore the shaft to bring the 105 It will thus be observed that the exposed vsector into mesh with the pinion. film is automatically taken u and a fresh 5.' In a camera, the combination with the surface exposed upon the c osing of the film spool, the lens, and the shutter, of a camera after an exposure is made and that shaft, a drive connection between the shaft the winding of the film is not effected by and spool, a pinion on the shaft, a toothed 110 the closing of the camera where the exposure sector mounted on the camera bed to oscilhas not been made; also that upon the openlate about its center in the opening and in of the camera the shutter is automaticlosing of the camera, a rock shaft carrying ca ly set for the making of an exposure, the sector to bring the same into and out of whereby mistakesv are. guarded againstl on mesh with the pmlon, spring means to rock 115 the part of an inexperienced operator or 1n the shaft in one dlrection, a trip arm carcase of haste or agitation which would otherried by the shaft, vmeans to engage the arm wisecause an abortive or a double exposure. as the camera is prepared for an exposure I claim: whereby to rock the sector in bpposition to 1.- In a camera, the combination with the the spring,f a detent included in the shutter 120 film spool, the lens, and the shutter, of mechanism and engaging the trip to hold the means for winding vthe spool of lm to shaft in rocked position, said detent arresent a fresh sensitized surface to the ranged to release the trip as the exposure is lens, and a driving connection between the made and permit the sprlng means to restore e0 film winding means and the door o the the sector to its original position. 125 camera said film winding means including 6. In a camera, the combination with the lgf uncoupled elements, and means ilm spool, the lens, and the shutter, of a actuate by the shutter in the act of makshaft, a drive connection between the shaft in an ex osure to couple the said elements and spool, a pinion on the shaft, a toothed of the drlving connectlon whereby the 'film sector mounted on the camera bed to oscil- 13b late about its center in the opening and clos-^ ing of the camera, a rockshaft carrying the sector to bring the same into and out of mesh with the pinion, spring means to yieldingly hold the sector in mesh with the pinion, a trip arm carried by the shaft, means to engage the arm as the camera is opened to rockA the sector in opposition to the spring out of mesh with the pinion, a detent included in the shutter mechanism and engaging the trip to hold the sector out of mesh with the pinion, said detentarranged to releasethe trip as the exposure is made and permit the spring means to restore the sector into mesh with the pinion.

7 In a camera, the film spool, the lens, shaft, a drive connection and spool, a pinion on the shaft, a toothed sector mounted on the camera bed to oscillate about its center inthe opening and closcombination with the and the shutter, of a ing of the camera, a rock shaft carrying the out of mesh with shaft, a drive same into and out of mesh with the pinion, spring means to yieldingly hold the sector in mesh with the pinion, a trip arm carried by the shaft, means to engage the arm 4as the camera is opened to rock the sector in opposition to the spring the pinion and by means of the arm to set the shutter, a detent ineluded in the shutter mechanism and engaging the trip to hold Athe 'sector out of mesh with the pinion, said detent arranged to release the trip as the exposure is made and permit the spring means to restore the sector into mesh with the pinion.

8. In a camera, the combination with the film spool, theplens, and the shutter, of a connection between the shaft and spool, a pinion on the shaft, a toothed sector mounted on the camera bed to oscillate about its center in the opening and closing of the camera, a rock shaft carrying the sector to bring the same into and out of mesh with the pinion, spring means to yieldingly hold the sector in mesh with the pinion, a trip arm'carried by the shaft, means to engage the' arm as the camera is opened to rock the sector in opposition to the out of mesh with the pinion, a lip arm adapted to engage and set the shutter sector to bring. the

between the shaft -will operate the lever to set spring on the as* the shaft is rocked in the opening of the camera, a second li detent connected witlli adapted to engage the last named lip In a camera, the combination with a film spool, the lens, and the shutter, of a sha t, a. pinion on the shaft, a one-Way drive connection between the pinion toothed sector mounted on t e camera bed to oscillate in one direction to swing the sector into meshing position with the pinion, a trip arm carried by the shaft and provided with three lips, means torengage the first lip as the camera is opened to rock the sector in opposition with t e spring out of mesh with the pinion, shutter setting mechanism comprising a setting lever, a, bar swinging therefrom and having an upper Hat surface and a lower beveled surface, the Hat surface of the bar arranged in the path of the second lip whereby the tilting of the trip the shutter and the lower -fbeveled surface ranged in the set position of the shutter to overlie the second lip to snap over the in said position exposure is made.

Signed at Chicago, Illinois, this seventh day of April, 1915. f

FRANK GREENE. Witnesses:

LEWIS T. GREIST, MARION G. ELWELL.

and spool, a 'l of the bar arrockpd in the set- 

